今天这篇“天行人不断学习系列六之物理学科探索篇”的作者是天行物理组学科组长张晓雪Xue老师。在Birkdale学校学习期间，晓雪老师不断找寻着“别人家的孩子”、”别人家的老师”如何学与教的奥秘，其中，让晓雪老师印象最深刻的就是三个方面：实验、讨论、笔记。为期三周的学习，晓雪老师受益匪浅，也明确了物理学科接下来的教学方向，希望以此为出发点，让物理成为同学们探索世界的有力助手。在来英国学习之前，就已经确定了本次学习的主要目的——实验，带着这个想法，踏上了英国的学习旅途。听了很多课，接收了很多的信息，最让自己印象深刻的就是3个方面：实验、讨论、笔记。
Experiment would serve as the main purpose of the study. When the idea was determined, we embarked on a study journey to UK. In Birkdale, we observed lots of lessons, and received a lot of information. The most impressive aspects are experiment, discussion and notes.
▲中间为晓雪老师
带着疑惑走进课堂，看看“别人家的老师”是如何上课的
犹记得，第一节课带给我的震撼是非常大的，同时也很兴奋。但在听了一些课之后，开始反思，我们之间的不同是什么？怎么将两个学校物理学科的优点相结合？这才是接下来的工作重心。于是，我带着“别人家的孩子”，”别人家的老师”如何学与教为出发点，找寻其中的奥秘。
I still remember the first lesson, which shocked me greatly and excited me as well. When we finished some lessons, we began to reflect. What is the difference between us? How to combine the advantages of physics in Birkdale and Teensen? It is the focus of the following work. Thus, I started the exploration of how trophy teachers teach and how trophy students learn.
在物理学中，“波”这个知识点对学生来说，是比较难理解的，所以我很好奇他们的初中生是怎么去理解“波”的。
Usually, it is hard for students to understand the wave in physics, so I wonder how students in Birkdale do it.
带着这样的疑问走进第一节课堂，Birkdale的物理老师当时做了一个横波和纵波的演示实验。在此之前，老师已经讲过了波的基本定义，所以这堂课的重点就是用实验仪器来证实原理。好处是学生可以很直观的用眼去看到这些实验现象，知道粒子是如何振动的。紧接着又是“驻波”的演示实验，通过实验，让学生总结“驻波”的特点，从而引出“驻波”的基本概念，最后用计算加深学生们对知识的理解。
We observed the first lesson, and Birkdale's physics teacher was making a demonstration experiment of S-wave and P-wave then. The basic definition of wave had been taught already, so the key point of the lesson was to verify the principle by experimental equipments. It was beneficial for students to see these experimental phenomena with their eyes and know how the particles vibrate. Then came the demonstration experiment of stationary wave. Through the experiments, students could summarize the characteristics of stationary wave. As the teacher presented the basic concept of stationary wave, students deepened understanding finally with calculation.
▲横波、纵波实验仪器
构建物理模型，直观理解知识
这些很难去解释的物理知识，Birkdale的老师仅仅靠一个小小的演示，就可以让学生轻松理解，原因是什么？
It's hard to explain the physics knowledge, while the students could understand them easily with a small demonstration by teachers in Birkdale. Why?
那就是课程的设计以及实验操作的能力。
It depends on the ability of course design and experiment operation.
▲电子衍射实验
听完这堂课后，也解开了我一直的困惑，一些物理知识难以理解是因为学生们不能用眼睛直观的看到，我们没有去构建一个物理模型。
When the lesson finished, I also solved my puzzlement all along. The reason why some physics knowledge is difficult to understand is that students failed to see the phenomena with their eyes. We didn't build a physical model.
▲左为分子扩散实验、右为机械效率实验
物理实验是很重要的一部分，可以让学生看到实验现象，进行总结。
The physics experiment serves a significant part. It lets students see the experiment phenomena and summarize it.
除了实验之外，Birkdale很注重学生之间的讨论，尤其是在实验演示之后，会让学生自己得出实验结论。学生会在课堂上发表自己的见解，哪怕是错的，也会提出来。看得出来，Birkdale的学生都很主动的回答问题，每次老师抛出一个问题，都会有很多学生举手抢着回答。
In addition to experiments, discussion is also attached great importance in Birkdale, especially after demonstration experiments. Students will be led to their own conclusions. Students will express their opinions in class, even if they are wrong. It can be seen that students in Birkdale are very active in answering questions. Once the teacher raise a question, many students put up their hands and rush to answer it.
在整节课完成实验，讨论，下定义之后，学生从认知，到理解，再到应用，完整的教学设计闭环，同时这也是十分考验老师教学功底的。
When the experiment, discussion and definition are completed, students are accessible to cognition, understanding and application. A complete closed-loop teaching design tests teaching skills.
Birkdale的学生参加A2考试，学生会根据老师提供的预估成绩去申请大学，所以要求学生一定要有很好的平时表现。课堂上没有犯困和打盹的学生，学生的注意力很集中。
Students in Birkdale take the A2 test, and apply for the university by estimated scores provided by their teachers. So students are required to have good daily performances. Hardly sleepy or dozing in class, they are very focused.
Birkdale学生的笔记
多年的科学课的学习，为即将学习A-Level课程的学生打下很好的实验操作基础和能力。那对于我们来说，怎样去结合中国学生的能力去设计实验，让他们可以理解相关物理知识，是我们天行物理组接下来教学的重中之重。
Years of science course has laid a good foundation and ability for students who are going to study A-level course. And as for us, the top priority of Teensen’s physics group in the following teaching is how to design experiments with abilities of Chinese students so that they could understand the relevant physical knowledge.
天行的物理组正处在发展之中，怎么让学生喜欢物理，从而高效的学习物理是我们一直所追求的。在自己以后的教学生涯中，要多引入实验，帮助学生更好的去理解物理知识，从学生的兴趣点出发，培养学生的探究精神。
The physics group in Teensen has been developing, and we have been continuously pursuing to let students fall in love with physics and learn physics efficiently. In the future, I am supposed to be in terms of interests of students, to introduce more experiments, to help them gain better understanding of physics knowledge and to cultivate their spirit of exploration.为期三周的学习，也明确了我们接下来的教学方向，希望以此为出发点，让物理成为同学们探索世界的有力助手。
The three-week study has also made us clear about the teaching direction in the future. We will keep it in mind and we hope to make physics a powerful tool for students to explore the world.
撰写：Xue张晓雪
编辑：Wendy 贾西贝
翻译：Sydia熊文琪
朗读：Jessica 吴子欣
Roxy 黄昱榕
Cathy 乐开心
主编：Jane 肖 依
总编：Gary 高 陆
